Treating vaginal thrush with oral or intravaginal medication: Which is better?

Treating vaginal thrush with oral or intravaginal medication: Which is better?

Vanessa Jordan
PEARLS No.
664
Clinical question

Is oral or intravaginal medication more effective for the treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis?

Bottom line

There was probably little or no difference between oral and intravaginal antifungals for short and long‐term clinical cure. Both routes of administration achieved clinical cure in over 70% of women. Oral antifungal treatment achieved a slightly higher mycological cure rate than intravaginal treatment. The decision to prescribe or recommend the purchase of an antifungal for oral or intravaginal administration should take into consideration cost, treatment preference and contraindications.

Unless there are contraindications or a previous history of adverse reaction to one route of administration, women who are purchasing their own treatment should be given full information about the characteristics and costs of treatment to make their own decision. If health services are paying the treatment cost, decision‐makers should weigh up the higher cost of oral antifungal administration with the marginal gain in mycological cure.

Caveat

Twenty‐three trials included women with acute vulvovaginal candidiasis, and 3 trials included women with chronic vulvovaginal candidiasis. There were 8 antifungals studied: 2 oral treatments and 6 intravaginal treatments. The certainty of the evidence for the primary outcomes was moderate.

Context

Previous estimates suggest 75% of women experience at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) before menopause. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is treated with a variety of antifungal drugs that are administered by the oral or intravaginal route.

Cochrane Systematic Review

Denison HJ, et al. Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020, Issue 8. Art. No.: CD002845. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002845.pub3. This review contains 26 trials with a total of 5007 participants.