Paracetamol no better than placebo for acute low back pain

Paracetamol no better than placebo for acute low back pain

Brian McAvoy
PEARLS No.
539
Clinical question

How effective and safe is paracetamol for non-specific low back pain (LBP)?

Bottom line

There was high-quality evidence that there is no difference between paracetamol (4g/day) and placebo for acute LBP in terms of pain, disability, function, quality of life and sleep quality outcomes at 1 week (immediate-term), 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 12 weeks (short-term) follow-ups. There was also no difference on global impression of recovery, patient adherence and use of rescue medication. There appeared to be no difference between paracetamol and placebo in immediate reduction of chronic LBP, although the evidence was of very low quality, and the single study on which it is based has been withdrawn by the journal. There were no differences between paracetamol and placebo for adverse events. No trial provided results for long-term follow-up.

Caveat

As most of the participants studied were middle-aged, it is not certain the findings would be the same for other age groups.

Context

Analgesic medication is the most frequently prescribed treatment for LBP, of which paracetamol is recommended as the first choice medication. However, there is uncertainty about the efficacy of paracetamol for LBP.

Cochrane Systematic Review

Saragiotto BT et al. Paracetamol for low back pain. Cochrane Reviews, 2016, Issue 6. Art. No.: CD012230.DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD012230. This review contains 3 studies involving 1825 participants.