Respiratory physician Lutz Beckert considers chronic obstructive pulmonary disease management, including the prevention of COPD, the importance of smoking cessation and pulmonary rehabilitation, and the lifesaving potential of addressing treatable traits. He also discusses the logic of inhaler therapy, moving from single therapy to dual and triple therapy when indicated, as well as other aspects of management
Pain in the great toe of athletes can have a variety of causes
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Sports medicine
Pain in the great toe of athletes can have a variety of causes
Wednesday 13 December 2023, 12:35 AM

“Sand toe” is used to describe a hyper-plantarflexion injury to the great toe joint [Image: Robin Edqvist on Unsplash]
Sports physician Steve Targett looks at great toe injuries, with a reminder of the anatomy involved
This Practice article has been endorsed by the RNZCGP and has been approved for up to 0.25 credits for continuing professional development purposes (1, Educate small, BACK panel - grey
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References
Landorf K, Simons S, Jordan C, et al. Foot pain. In: Brukner P, Clarsen B, Cook J, et al (eds). Brukner & Khan’s Clinical Sports Medicine: Injuries, Volume 1, 5th edition. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2017.
Lim S, Liem B. First metatarsophalangeal joint pain in athletes: Diagnosis, management, and return to play considerations. Curr Sports Med Rep 2023;22(6):217–23.