Respiratory syncytial virus update: Outbreaks and vaccine breakthroughs

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Respiratory syncytial virus update: Outbreaks and vaccine breakthroughs

2 August 2023

By Mika Hiroi

Wednesday 2 August 2023, 12:35 AM

Respiratory syncytial virus can cause devastating illness, especially at the extremes of age [Image: Rod Long on Unsplash]

With large numbers of children being hospitalised for respiratory infections, this article looks at the latest developments in respiratory syncytial virus vaccination

Key points, Respiratory syncytial virus is a leading cause of hospitalisation among children in Aotearoa. RSV infection in childhood has been linked to chronic , Pract Green w Pale Yellow

Respiratory Health

References

Leaver BA, Smith BJ, Irving L, et al. Hospitalisation, morbidity and outcomes associated with respiratory syncytial virus compared with influenza in adults of all ages. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2022;16(3):474–80.
Li Y, Wang X, Blau DM, et al. Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in children younger than 5 years in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet 2022;399(10340):2047–64.
Prasad N, Newbern EC, Trenholme AA, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisations among young children: a data linkage study. Epidemiol Infect 2019;147:e246.
Gatt D, Martin I, AlFouzan R, Moraes TJ. Prevention and treatment strategies for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Pathogens 2023;12(2):154.
Eiland LS. Respiratory syncytial virus: diagnosis, treatment and prevention. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2009;14(2):75–85.
Walsh EE, Pérez Marc G, Zareba AM, et al. Efficacy and safety of a bivalent RSV prefusion F vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med 2023;388(16):1465–77.
Papi A, Ison MG, Langley JM, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F protein vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med 2023;388(7):595–608.
GSK. GSK shares positive data for Arexvy, its respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) older adult vaccine indicating protection over two RSV seasons [stock-exchange announcement]. 21 June 2023.
Kampmann B, Madhi SA, Munjal I, et al. Bivalent prefusion F vaccine in pregnancy to prevent RSV illness in infants. N Engl J Med 2023;388(16):1451–64.
Boytchev H. Maternal RSV vaccine: Further analysis is urged on preterm births. BMJ 2023;381:1021.
Robertson SA, Hutchinson MR, Rice KC, et al. Targeting toll-like receptor-4 to tackle preterm birth and fetal inflammatory injury. Clin Transl Immunology 2020;9(4):e1121.
Pfizer. FDA Advisory Committee Votes in Support of Approval for Pfizer’s Vaccine Candidate to Help Prevent RSV in Infants Through Maternal Immunization [press release]. 18 May 2023.

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